AGRO-LANDSCAPE AND ECOLOGICAL ZONING IS THE BASIS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE IN EASTERN SIBERIA AND THE FAR EAST

Abstract

The study of the spatial distribution of landscape, biological and ecological patterns is a necessary basis for the development of highly productive, and sustainable agriculture, which is one of the most important national priorities of Russia’s development. In order to ensure optimal information management of the territory, agro-landscape and ecological zoning of natural forage lands of the East Siberian and Far Eastern natural and economic regions of Russia has been developed. The materials of soil-ecological zoning of the Russian Federation were used as the contour basis of agro-landscape-ecological zoning. Natural-agricultural and landscape-ecological zoning of the territory, ecological-geographical, geobotanical maps, data of the state land registration, ground and remote observations, literary, stock and other materials were also used. Zones, mountainous territories, provinces, districts are highlighted. The characteristics of land and fodder resources, the development of negative processes, the ecological state, the priorities of the development of zoning units are given. 136 zoning units have been allocated in Eastern Siberia. Agricultural lands occupy 24.7 million hectares, natural forage lands – 16.3 million hectares, deer pastures – 56.6 million hectares. 162 zoning units have been allocated in the Far East. Agricultural land occupies about 8 million hectares, of which arable land – 0.5%, hayfields – 0.4%, pastures – 0.4%, deer pastures – 184.2 million hectares, or 30% of the territory. The spatial placement of biological and ecological patterns of agrogeoecosystems are determined.