WATER HANDLING IN NEEDLES OF SCOTCH PINE UNDER DIFFERENT POLLUTION CONDITIONS IN SOUTH URALS

А.А. Уразбахтин, Р.В. Уразгильдин

Abstract


Reviewing research articles published in Russia and abroad suggests that the adaptive responses of water relation parameters in plants to different types of industrial pollution are variable: the observed responses may be negative as well as positive. However, there are still no comparative studies of the observed responses to different types of pollution and no qualitative characterization thereof although all authors point out that the responses observed are certainly adaptive. The purpose of the present study is to fill this gap. The object of the study is pine (Pinus silvestris L.). Its needles are believed to be good all-seasons bioindicator of pollution. The water relations of pine needles were assessed in five industrial regions featuring different types of pollution: airborne pollution in three and pollution by mining dumps in two of them. Water relation parameters studies in pine needles were transpiration, relative water content and water saturation deficit. Both airborne and poly-metallic pollutions with or without sulfurous anhydride admixture inhibit water relations thus triggering stress-type adaptive responses. This suggests that the adaptive potential of pine to such pollution types is low. Poly-metallic pollutions caused by copper pyrite and brown coal mining dumps stimulates water relation thus triggering moderately tolerant adaptive responses. This suggests that pine adaptive potential to such types of pollution is high. Petrochemical pollution does not affect water relations in pine needles. Besides, the airborne poly-metallic and brown coal mining dumps pollution types cause impairments in the diurnal course of water relation associated with stress-type adaptive responses in the former case and tolerant responses in the latter case. Other variants of pollution do not influence the diurnal course of water relations. The of water relation parameters are relatively independent as far as their responses to the same type of pollution may be different. This fact shows pine ecological plasticity under different types of pollution.

Keywords


industrial pollution, South Urals, Scotch pine, water relation, adaptive responses, comparative characteristics


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24855/biosfera.v16i4.964

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