CONSEQUENCES OF ARTIFICIAL LIGHT AT NIGHT: DISRUPTION OF CIRCADIAN RHYTHM AND METABOLISM

А.Р. Унжаков

Abstract


Pollution by artificial light at night is considered a global environmental problem. More than 80% of the world population is exposed to light pollution. Due to the widespread use of artificial lighting at night, the reliability of the most important environmental factor, the light/dark cycle, is reduced. Clinical studies reveal a strong association between circadian dysfunction and pathological conditions such as circadian syndrome. This newly coined term refers to key components of the metabolic syndrome, including obesity, diabetes mellitus, and its major comorbidities: sleep disturbances, depression, steatohepatitis, and cognitive dysfunction. Light pollution disruption of metabolic processes in mammals depends on light intensity, wavelength, changes in the natural photoperiod, and also on species, sex and diet. Under the influence of artificial light at night, a disarrangement in metabolic processes occurs due to sleep disturbances and daily food intake, and changes in the level of hormones such as melatonin and glucocorticoids. It should be emphasized that metabolic disorders caused by artificial light at night are not irreversible. Quite accessible approaches to their elimination are proposed, such as restoring the natural light/dark cycle, including melatonin in the diet, time-restricted eating, wearing blue light blocking glasses, bright morning light therapy, etc. Such approaches offer significant opportunities for mitigating the effects of light pollution.

Keywords


light pollution, circadian rhythms, circadian dysfunction, metabolism.


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24855/biosfera.v16i3.952

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