THREATENED VERTEBRATE SPECIES IN NIZHNE-SVIRSKY RESERVE

И.Ю. Попов, Д.А. Стариков

Abstract


Establishment of protected areas is one of the most effective measures for the environment protection. The reserves, i.e. the areas where any human activity is not allowed, are especially effective. It is expected that they would become shelters for the threatened species. One of such areas is Nizhne-Svirsky Reserve at the eastern shore of Lake Ladoga. It was established in 1980, and since then no intervention in natural processes has been taking place there. Thirty-five threatened species of vertebrate animals have been registered in the reserve: 33 species of birds and two species of mammals. These species are either listed in the Red Book of Russia, or are considered as threatened or near-threatened in the Red List of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). At the water borders of the reserve, salmon and whitefish migrate, their local populations being rated as protected in Russia. Most of registered threatened animals stay in the reserve for shorts periods during migrations or visit it occasionally. Only 8–10 species live in it relatively constantly. The small number of vulnerable species under protected conditions indicates that the creation of reserves may not be sufficient to solve the problem of their conservation. Generalization of data related to threatened animals of the Nizhne-Svirsky Reserve reveals significant contradictions between the Red Book of Russia and the IUCN Red List: some species are considered threatened in Russia but not in the IUCN Red List, although a significant part of their range is located in Russia; or vice versa: some species in Russia are considered common or even game species, whereas according to the IUCN Red List, they raise concern. In the present case, the first option often relates to raptors, whereas the second one to waders and ducks.

Keywords


reserve, threatened species, Red book, IUCN red list, vertebrates.

References


Кириллова ЮА. Анализ эффективности Красных книг и Красных списков на примере территории Санкт-Петербурга и Ленинградской области. Выпускная квалификационная работа магистра. СПб.: СПбГУ, 2017. 85 с.

Ковалев ДН, Носков ГА, Носкова МГ, Попов ИЮ, Рымкевич ТА. Концепция формирования региональных систем особо охраняемых природных территорий (на примере Санкт-Петербурга и Ленинградской области). Часть I. Экологические аспекты. Биосфера. 2012;4(2):393-428.

Красная книга Ленинградской области. Животные. СПб.: Папирус, 2018. 560 с.

Красная книга Республики Карелия. Петрозаводск: Карелия, 2007. 364 с.

Красная книга Санкт-Петербурга. СПб.: Дитон, 2018. 568 с.

Носков ГА, Зимин ВБ, Резвый СП. Миграции птиц на Ладожском озере. Сообщения Прибалтийской комиссии по изучению миграций птиц. 1975; 8: 3-51.

Носков ГА, Зимин ВБ, Резвый СП, Рымкевич ТА, Лапшин НВ, Головань ВИ. Птицы Ладожского орнитологического стационара и его окрестностей. Экология птиц Приладожья. Тр. Биол. НИИ. 1981; 32:3-86.

Носков ГА, Смирнов ОП. Миграции птиц в Свирской губе Ладожского озера осенью 1997 года. Материалы по программе «Изучение состояния популяций мигрирующих птиц и тенденции их изменения в России». 1998;2:97-107.

Носков ГА, Антипин МА, Бабушкина ОВ, Бояринова ЮГ, Гагинская АР, Иовченко НП, Рымкевич ТА, Рычкова АЛ, Смирнов ОП, Стариков ДА, Филимонова НС. Летние и осенние миграции птиц в Свирской губе Ладожского озера. Изучение динамики популяций мигрирующих птиц и тенденций их изменений на Северо-Западе России. 2006;5:53-82.

Носков ГА, Рымкевич ТА, Гагинская АР. Ред. Миграции птиц Северо-Запада России. Неворобьиные. СПб.: АНО ЛА «Профессионал», 2016. 657 с.

Носков ГА, Лапшин НВ, Рымкевич ТА. Ред. Миграции птиц северо-запада России: воробьиные. СПб.: Реноме, 2020. 529 c.

Резвый СП. Свирская губа Ладожского озера. Матер. Первого Семинара по Программе «Изучение состояния популяций мигрирующих птиц и тенденции их изменений в России». М.-СПб. 1997:33-41.

Стариков ДА, Носков ГА, Бабушкина ОВ, Бояринова ЮГ, Гагинская АР, Иовченко НП, Рымкевич ТА, Рычкова АЛ, Филимонова НС. Результаты наблюдений за весенними миграциями птиц в окрестностях Ладожской орнитологической станции в 2005–2007 гг. Изучение динамики популяций мигрирующих птиц и тенденций их изменений на Северо-Западе России. 2009а;6:27-44.

Стариков ДА, Носков ГА, Бабушкина ОВ, Бояринова ЮГ, Гагинская АР, Иовченко НП, Рымкевич ТА, Рычкова АЛ, Филимонова НС. Результаты наблюдений за летними и осенними миграциями птиц в окрестностях Ладожской орнитологической станции в 2005–2007 гг. Изучение динамики популяций мигрирующих птиц и тенденций их изменений на Северо-Западе России. 2009б;6:49-70.

Kirillova YA. Analysis of the effectiveness of red books and red lists by the example of Saint-Petersburg and Laningradskaya oblast. Ms thesis. SPb: SPbGU, 2017. 85 p. (In Russ.)

Kovalev DN, Noskov GA, Noskova MG, Popov IYu, Rymkevich TA. Concept of formation of regional systems of protected areas (by the example of Saint-Petersburg and Leningradskaya oblast). Part I. Ecological aspects. Biosfera. 2012;4(2):393-428. (In Russ.)

Krasnaya kniga Leningradskoy oblasti. Zhivotniye. SPb.: Paprirus, 2018. 560 p. Red book of Leningradskaya oblast. Animals. (In Russ.)

Krasnaya kniga respubliki Karelia. Petrozavodsk: Karelia, 2007. 364 p. Red book of Karelia. (In Russ.)

Krasnaya kniga Sankt-Petersburga. SPb: Diton, 2018. 568 p. Red book of Saint-Petersburg. (In Russ.)

Noskov GA, Zimin VB, Rezvy SP. Migrations of birds on Ladoga Lake. Soobsheniya Prubaltiyskoy komissii po izuchniyu migratsiy ptiz. 1975;8:3-51. (In Russ.)

Noskov GA, Zimin VB, Rezvy SP, Rymkevich TA, Lapshin NV, Golovan VI. Birds of Ladoga ornithological station and around it. Ecologia ptiz Priladozhiya. Trudy Biol. NII. 1981;32:3-86. (In Russ.)

Noskov GA, Smirnov OP. Migrations of birds in Svir bay of Ladoga Lake in autumn 1997. Mateialy po programme Izucheniye sostoyaniya populatsiy migriruyushikh ptiz I tendentsiy ikh izmeneniya v Rossii. 1998;2:97-107. (In Russ.)

Noskov GA, Antipin MA, Babushkina OV, Boyarinova YG, Gaginskaya AR, Iovchenko NP, Rymkevich TA, Rychkova TA, Smirnov OP, Starikov DA, Filimonova NS. Summer and autumn migrations of birds in Svir bay of Lafoga Lake. Izucheniye dinamiki populatsiy migriruyushikh ptiz I tendentsiy ikh izmeneniya na Severo-Zapade Rossii. 2006;5:53-82. (In Russ.)

Noskov GA, Lapshin NV, Rymkevich TA, Eds. Migrations of birds of Northwest Russia. Nonpasserins. SPb: Professional, 2016. 657 p. (In Russ.)

Noskov GA, Lapshin NV, Rymkevich TA, Eds. Migrations of birds of Northwest Russia. Passerins. SPb: Renome, 2020. 529 p. (In Russ.)

Rezvy SP. Svir bay of Ladoga Lake. Materialy Pervogo Seminara po programme Izucheniye sostoyaniya populatsiy migriruyushikh ptiz i tendentsiy ikh izmeneniya v Rossii. М.-SPb. 1997:33-41. (In Russ.)

Starikov DA, Noskov GA, Babushkina OV, Boyarinova YG, Gaginskaya AR, Iovchenko NP, Rymkevich TA, Rychkova AL, Filimonova NS. Results of observations of spring migrations of birds at the Ladoga ornithological station in 2005-2007. Izucheniye dinamiki populatsiy ptiz i tendentsiy ikh izmeneniy na Severo-Zapade Rossii. 2009a;6:27-44. (In Russ.)

Starikov DA, Noskov GA, Babushkina OV, Boyarinova YG, Gaginskaya AR, Iovchenko NP, Rymkevich TA, Rychkova AL, Filimonova NS. Results of observations of summer and autumn migrations of birds at the Ladoga ornithological station in 2005-2007. Izucheniye dinamiki populatsiy ptiz i tendentsiy ikh izmeneniy na Severo-Zapade Rossii. 2009b;6:49-70. (In Russ.)

Gaginskaya AR, Luleeva DS, Noskov GA, Rymkevich TA, Fertikova KP, Smirnov OP. Spring bird migration in the Svir Bay of Lake Ladoga in 1999. Study of the Status and Trends of Migratory Bird Populations in Russia. 2001;3:45-50.

IUCN. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. Second edition. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. 2012. iv + 32 p.

IUCN. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2021-3. 2022. https://www.iucnredlist.org

HELCOM lists of threatened and/ or declining species and biotopes/habitats in the Baltic Sea area. Baltic Sea Environmental Proceedings, HELCOM. Helsinki Commission. Helsinki, 2007; 113. 18 p.

HELCOM Red List of Baltic Sea species in danger of becoming extinct. Baltic Sea Environmental Proceedings. HELCOM, Helsinki Commission. Helsinki, 2013. 140. 106 р.

Ingelög T, Andersson R, Tjernberg M. Red Data Book of the Baltic Sea Region, Part 1. List of Threatened Vascular Plants and Vertebrates. Uppsala: Swedish Threatened Species Unit, in cooperation with Institute of Biology, Riga, 1993. 95 p.

Kotiranta H. Ed. Red data book of East Fennoscandia. Helsinki Ministry of the Environment, Finnish Environment Institute, Botanical Museum, Finnish Museum of Natural History. 1998. 351 p.

Noskov GA, Smirnov OP, Rymkevich TA. Autumn bird migration in the Svir Bay of Lake Ladoga in 1998. Study of the Status and Trends of Migratory Bird Populations in Russia. 2001; 3: 39-43. (In Russ.)

Noskov GA, Rymkevich TA, Smirnov OP. Spring bird migrations in the Southern Ladoga area. Study of the Status and Trends of Migratory Bird Populations in Russia. 2002; 4: 29-42. (In Russ.)

Popov I, Fadeeva A, Palenova E, Shamilishvily G, Gorin K, Burdo A, Melchakova E, Trofimova Y, Sukristik V, Morova N, Kroo K, Kirillova Y. Effectiveness of the IUCN red list of threatened species application on a regional scale: Current state of the red data books of Russia. Biological Communications. 2017; 62 (1): 57-60.

Pringle RM. Upgrading protected areas to conserve wild biodiversity. Nature. 2017;546(7656):91-9.

Soutullo A. Extent of the Global Network of Terrestrial Protected Areas. Conservation Biology. 2010.24(2):362-3.

Watson J, Dudley N, Segan D, Hocking M. The performance and potential of protected areas. Nature. 2014;515:67-73.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24855/biosfera.v14i2.672

© ФОНД НАУЧНЫХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ "XXI ВЕК"